Sri Lanka cuts policy rates to reduce inflation and boost economic recovery

Street hawkers open up their business for the day at a market place in Colombo, Sri Lanka. File (representational image)
| Photo Credit: AP

On June 1, Sri Lanka’s Central Bank slashed the policy interest rates by 250 basis points, the first since the “historic contraction” of the island nation’s economy in 2022, saying it will reduce high inflation and provide an impetus for growth.

The Monetary Board of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka decided to cut the policy rate by 250 basis points, saying inflation was falling faster than expected.

The board of the bank held a meeting on May 31. They reduced the Standing Deposit Facility Rate (SDFR) and the Standing Lending Facility Rate (SLFR) of the Central Bank by 250 basis points to 13.00% and 14.00%, respectively.

“The board arrived at this decision with a view to easing monetary conditions in line with the faster than expected slowing of inflation, gradual dissipation of inflationary pressures and further anchoring of inflation expectations,” the Central Bank said.

“The commencing of such monetary easing is expected to provide an impetus for the economy to rebound from the historic contraction of activity witnessed in 2022 while easing pressures in the financial markets,” it said in a statement.

“Inflation is projected to decelerate notably in the period ahead, reaching single-digit levels earlier than expected,” the statement added.

The government statistics office announced that the inflation in May was recorded at 25.2%, down from 35.3% in April.

The rupee has fallen to 295 against the U.S. dollar from 360 recorded in January.

The official reserves improved to over $3 billion by the end of May.

Debt-ridden Sri Lanka, still struggling to normalise its crisis-hit economy after it declared its first-ever debt default in April last year, is hopeful that inflation will reduce to single digits.

The central bank said the economy has seen signs of recovery since the IMF bailout in March.

The IMF extended a $3 billion bailout facility to Sri Lanka.

“Inflows to the domestic Forex market remain robust following the approval of the Extended Fund Facility [EFF] from the International Monetary Fund [IMF]“.

Further, financial assistance from international development partners, such as the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the World Bank, and the progress in the debt restructuring process, are expected to help recovery.

This week, India announced the extension of its $1 billion facilities for imports of essentials granted in early 2022 during the early days of the economic crisis when tension gripped the country with long lines for necessities and fuel.

India extended the credit line to Sri Lanka at the height of the country’s economic crisis.

India extended multi-pronged assistance of about $4 billion to Sri Lanka last year, through multiple credit lines and currency support, in line with India’s ‘Neighbourhood First’ policy.

According to official figures, Sri Lanka’s total debt is $83.6 billion, of which foreign debt amounts to $42.6 billion and domestic debt amounts to $42 billion.

In April 2022, Sri Lanka declared its first-ever debt default, the worst economic crisis since independence from Britain in 1948, triggered by Forex shortages that sparked public protests.

Months-long street protests led to the ouster of the then-president Gotabaya Rajapaksa in mid-July. Mr. Rajapaksa had started the IMF negotiations after refusing to tap the global lender for support.